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Dr. Christopher Brion
Affiliation: The University of British Columbia
Keywords: Electronic structure of molecules
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Christopher E. Brion is world-renowned as a leading authority in the field of Electron Spectroscopy. He has developed Electron Impact Coincidence techniques to simulate Photoabsorption, Photoionization and Photoelectron Spectroscopy. With it he has made outstanding original contributions to the understanding of the electronic structure of molecules.
He has also employed the electron impact method for the direct measurement of the electron density in individual molecular orbitals. This latest work is the most significant recent advance in the experimental testing of molecular orbital quantum mechanical calculations. It has provided much important new information concerning the nature of electron structure chemical bonds, and the orbital model in chemistry.
Dr. Bertram Brockhouse
Affiliation: McMaster University
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B.N. Brockhouse's invention of the triple axis neutron spectrometer created a new field of spectroscopy and made possible for the first time accurate and detailed information concerning the excitations of condensed matter. Having created this versatile tool, he has applied it to a wide range of problems of enormous importance to physics. He was the first to measure the life-time of short wave-length phonons, to determine the time-dependent self and pair-correlation functions in liquids, to convincingly demonstrate the existence of phonons and magnons, to measure the dispersion curves of spin waves, to observe the 'Kohn anomalies' and to apply them to studies of the Fermi surface. His work has illumined the work of a host of other experimental and theoretical physicists in the field of solid state physics.
Dr. Adrian Brook
Affiliation: University of Toronto
Keywords: Chemistry, computing
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Dr. Brook has an international reputation in organosilicon chemistry. His extensive studies of silanes bearing functional groups have resulted in important new synthetic methods and in the elucidation
of the nature of the bonding in organosilicon compounds. He discovered the rearrangement of a-hydroxysilanes to silyl ethers, and his investigation of the mechanism of this reaction led to the first
demonstration of the absolute configuration of asymmetric silanes. His work on the rearrangement of acylsilanes to siloxycarbenes has culminated in the discovery of a highly versatile method for the
generation and isolation of a stable compound containing the elusive silicon-carbon double bond.
Dr. A. Brown
Affiliation: Michigan State University
Keywords: Toxicology
Disease
Vectors
Entomology
Control
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A. W. A. Brown, M.B.E., B.Sc.F., M.A., Ph.D., has given leadership, with sound scholarship and originality in research, in the field of Entomology, not only to Canada but internationally. He has had remarkably wide interests and training, obtaining degrees in Forestry, Zoology, and Biochemistry. His numerous papers and books on Insect Physiology, Biochemistry, and chemical control of pests are internationally recognized as authoritative. He has served as expert consultant, not only in Canada but for Britain, the United States, and the World Health Organization. Dr. Brown has contributed greatly as Head of the Zoology Department of the University of Western Ontario, as editor of many journals, and as an officer in scientific societies.
Dr. John Brown
Affiliation: The University of British Columbia
Keywords: Juvenile diabetes, Type II diabetes, obesity
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Dr. Brown is an imaginative and highly competent young scientist who has made major contributions to the field of gastrointestinal physiology through his discovery, isolation, determination of the amino acid structure, and development of radioimmunoassays of two new peptide hormones from the gut, 'Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP)' and 'Motilin'. The former has the properties of 'enterogastrone', the hypothetical substance which inhibits acid gastric secretion and stomach emptying when fat enters the duodenum, and 'incretin', which stimulates insulin secretion when glucose is introduced into the duodenum. Motilin is released and stimulates gastric motility when the duodenal contents are alkaline, thus controlling pH. Clinical studies have continued the insulinotropic action of GIP in man and demonstrated that IRGIP is elevated in chronic pancreatitis, maturity onset diabetes and obesity. Thus GIP is very relevant to the problem of diabetes.
James Bruce
Affiliation: Canadian Climate Program Board
Keywords: Climate change, water, disaster mitigation
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James Bruce has a lifetime of achievements in the application of environmental science to public policy issues. His leadership of research, development and policy have protected the environment and made Canada, and the World, a safer place to live. From a basis of hydrology and climatology his work has reduced the effects of floods through land use planning and saved our lakes from acid rain. As one of Canada's most influential and sought after environmental science leaders he continues his work internationally to diminish the impacts of natural disasters and reduce the threat of climate change through comprehensive science-based advice.
Dr. W. Robert Bruce
Affiliation: University of Toronto
Keywords: Carcinogenesis, colon, breast, diet, oxidative stress
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Dr. W.R. Bruce has made important contributions to medical research in three areas: First, by comparing the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on the proliferative capacity of normal and malignant cells, he devised a model to explain the action of drugs used in the treatment of human cancer. Second, by combining physical separation techniques with radioactive labelling, he traced the differentiation events that occur in the testis. He has applied this knowledge to develop a rapid and sensitive method for detecting the mutagenic effects of chemicals. Third, he developed computer programmes for clinical use in the many treatment centres operated by the Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation. This achievement not only permits the evaluation of cancer care in Ontario, but also provides a model for multi-centre assessment of results that can be applied widely and to many other diseases.
Fourth, he has explored the development of Colon Cancer: identifying with J. Krepinsky the major fecal ....., ...., with R.P. Bird the ...... Crypt focus, the ...... colon cancer precursor; developing a .... trial methodology based on recurrence of clonic polyps; and exploring the relation between colon cancer and insulin resistance.
Dr. Paul Brumer
Affiliation: University of Toronto
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For his work in Theoretical Chemistry, including contributions to the development of "Coherent Radiative Control of Chemical Reactions", a fundamental theoretical approach to controlling chemical reactions with lasers. Brumer and coworkers have shown how to induce controllable quantum interference effects in molecules through simultaneous optical excitation pathways and, in doing so, how to alter molecular dynamics, electron currents and chemical reaction yields. This development provides insights into the quantum characteristics of molecular processes and affords a direction for applying advanced technologies to the goal of affecting molecular processes at their most fundamental level.
Dr. Leonard Bruton
Affiliation: University of Calgary
Keywords: digital filters, electronics, signal processing
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Dr. Bruton's research contributions are in the field of signal processing with emphasis on the synthesis, design and implementation of analog and digital filters for microelectronic circuits. He has invented the Frequency Dependent Negative Resistance (FDNR) filter and the Lossless Discrete Integrator (LDI) filter, both of which are widely used in telecommunications systems, and he currently carries out research on multidimensional filter theory and design. Dr. Bruton won the principal Manning Award in 1991.
Manuel Buchwald
Affiliation: University of Toronto
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Dr. Manuel Buchwald merits recognition for his biochemical and molecular studies directed to the understanding of two human genetic diseases, cystic fibrosis (CF) and Fanconi's anemia (FA). He and his colleagues were the first to localize the gene for CF, a finding which eventually led to the cloning of the gene. In addition to his studies on defining complementation groups for FA, Dr. Buchwald has recently succeeded in cloning the gene for one group of patients with defects in this gene, studies which should be the forerunners for curative modalities for such patients.
Dr. Carol Buck
Affiliation:
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Dr. Buck's work in epidemiology began thirty-five years ago and has received international recognition. She has served on numerous councils and Government committees in Canada and the United States, has been a member of the Science Council and a consultant to the Rockefeller Foundation. In 1978 the Government of Australia invited her to report on the state of teaching and research in epidemiology in that country. Dr. Buck is an associate editor of the Am.J.Epidemiology and on the board of editors of the International J. Epidemiology. She has served a three year term as President of the International Epidemiological Association and has travelled in Africa, South-East Asia and Europe on their behalf.
Dr. David Bundle
Affiliation: University of Alberta
Keywords: Immunochemistry, complex carbohydrate antigens, multivalency, conjugate vaccines
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DAVID REGINALD BUNDLE, Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, has led in the field of glycobiology - that life science concerned with the role of complex carbohydrate structures (oligosaccharide ligands) in cell biology. He pioneered the synthesis of both bacterial cell-surface oligosaccharides and structural analogs for systematic physical studies of their recognition by specific monoclonal antibodies. He was uniquely capable of bringing to bear a whole array of the most sophisticated modern methods (including hybridoma technology, protein engineering, X-ray crystallography microcalorimetry, molecular modelling and H- and C-NMR spectroscopy) for structural and thermodynamic studies of oligosaccharide of protein interactions that are of broad and crucial importance to cellular life.
Donald Bures
Affiliation: The University of British Columbia
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Donald Bures began his college work by winning a General Motors scholarship. He completed the four year mathematics program at Queen's University in three years and the M.A. and Ph.D. program at Princeton in three years. For his doctoral thesis he became an expert with infinite tensor products of von Neumann algebras and wrote a thesis which Professor C. C. Moore describes as 'a superb paper in a very difficult area'. This praise should not be taken lightily for Professor Moore is one of the outstanding analysts of this continent. Since then Bures has published four other articles, each of which made a solid contribution based on deep analysis and new techniques, yielding new and important results. These papers are appraised in the attached letters from Professors Moore, Glimm and Stormer. Although he is not yet very old, Professor Bures has directed several very good doctoral theses, namely those of: Charles Kerr, Ole Nielsen, David Promislow and P. K. Tam. Professor Bures' work is known to operator algebraists throughout the world and he is esteemed as one of the leading workers in the field.
Dr. Stephen Burley
Affiliation: Rutgers University
Keywords: Structural biology, drug discovery, oncology, kinase inhibitors
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STEPHEN K BURLEY, Professor and Head of Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, is a structural biologist working in the field of eukaryotic gene regulation. Using X-ray crystallography and other methods derived from chemistry and physics, he has established an innovative, internationally-recognized program of research aimed at discovering the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for controlling messenger RNA production in eukaryotes. His remarkable pioneering studies of the structure and function of the TATA box-binding protein, a universal eukaryotic transcription factor required for expression of every gene in every cell, revealed an unprecedented mode of DNA bending/recognition, providing detailed molecular insights into the problem of understanding eukaryotic gene expression.
Walter Bushuk
Affiliation: University of Manitoba
Keywords: Wheat quality, gluten protein structure and function
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Bushuk's early work with Winkler at McGill produced new information on the role of H bonds in dough structure and rheology. With Benoit of Strasbourg, he developed the theory for the relationship of copolymer composition and its light scattering properties. His work on gliadin has led to a method for 'fingerprinting' wheat varieties for identification required in registration and wheat grading. He led the team that discovered the high milling yield and exceptional blending capacity of Glenlea - Canada's first utility wheat.
Howard Bussey
Affiliation: McGill University
Keywords: Genomics, genetic networks
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Dr. Howard Bussey, Professor of Biology, McGill University, is an internationally renowned yeast molecular geneticist. His early studies on the killer toxin produced by certain yeast showed that it, like mammalian neuropeptides, is cut out from a larger precursor protein by a Golgi-located peptidase. Dr. Bussey's discovery that the killer receptor contains a B-glucan component led him to an important series of discoveries on B-glucan synthesis and secretion. Recently, Dr. Bussey has published the complete sequence of chromosome I of yeast. He is a member of an international team of collaborators who are sequencing all 16 chromosomes of yeast. When complete, this will be the first time the entire genome of an eukaryotic organism is known. This knowledge will have profound implications for our understanding of eukaryotic cell function.
Dr. William Buyers
Affiliation: National Research Council
Keywords: Dynamics of solids, magnetism, superconductivity, neutron scattering
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Dr. Buyers has made, primarily through the use of neutron scattering, extensive and crucial contributions, both theoretical and experimental, to our knowledge of the structure and the excitations of condensed matter, in particular of magnetic excitations in both ordered and disordered crystals. His work on solitons in CsCoBr3 and on magnetic properties of uranium compounds is especially noteworthy. He has made pioneering studies of phonon-phonon interactions, the structure of liquid neon, structural phase transitions in antifluorite crystals, and lithium intercalation in layered compounds. He has also developed many innovative experimental techniques for both neutron scattering and positron annihilation. He made the first experimental discovery of the mass gap in quantum integral-spin chains.
Dr. Stanley Bywater
Affiliation:
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Bywater joined the staff of the Division of Applied Chemistry in 1950 to initiate an activity in Polymer science - a subject which at that time was virtually non-existent in Canadian universities. His work has dealt mainly with the elucidation of the mechanisms of the numerous types of polymerization reactions. This is detailed in his publication list. His success can be assessed by 6 - 8 expenses paid invitations to be a featured speaker at conferences on polymer chemistry in various parts of Europe and North America, his representation on editorial boards of polymer journals and his being a program chairman and a council member of the Gordon Research Conferences.
Dr. Louis Cabri
Affiliation: Cabri Consulting Inc.
Keywords: Precious metals, mineralogy, trace analyses
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Louis J. Cabri is a scientist who has attained international eminence for his work on sulphides and tellurides, on the platinum-group minerals, and more recently, for pioneering mineralogical applications of micro-beam trace-element analytical techniques such as micro-Proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). His fundamental work on the platinum-group minerals has brought order and understanding to a previously chaotic field of knowledge. All his work is characterized by innovative experimental approaches that have pioneered micro-beam precious-metal analysis, greatly advancing our knowledge and understanding of the behaviour of precious metals in Earth systems.
Mr. Alain Caillé
Affiliation: Université de Montréal
Keywords: recherche sur les structures de la matière molles, développement des nouvelles technologies issues despercées scientifiques : nanotechnologies, biocarburants, pharmacogénomique
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Alain Caillé is a leading theoretician in condensed matter physics who has predicted a number of very different effects in complicated systems on the basis of simple models he has developed. These have ranged from the prediction of a type of long-range order in smectic liquid crystals which was contrary to much of the established wisdom of the time but is now observed experimentally, to the more recent prediction of novel behaviour in lateral diffusion near the melting transition of lipid bilayers. His use of simple models to gain understanding of physical systems is an exceptional talent.
Dr. William Caldwell
Affiliation: Western University
Keywords: Geology, stratigraphy, paleontology
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Since coming from Scotland to Canada in 1957 Dr. Glen Caldwell, has made outstanding contributions to the sciences of stratigraphy and paleontology, particularly to those pertaining to the Cretaceous System of the Western Interior of North America. His meticulous and critical approach to geological research and to science in general has earned him respect and admiration among his colleagues in Canada and the United States. His advice on nomenclatorial and editorial policy is much sought after and has led him to active participation in several national and international committees of geological organizations. Dr. Caldwell's reputation as a geologist of note is not only spread through his writings, which are substantial, but also through his many well-trained students. Beyond Dr. Caldwell's extensive geological knowledge lies an admirable administrative ability and wide cultural scope in literature, art, and music.
Stephen Calvert
Affiliation: The University of British Columbia
Keywords: Geochemistry, trace elements, stable isotopes, palaeoceanography, carbon burial
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Calvert has distinguished himself in the field of marine geochemistry by focussing on diagenesis, the chemical and mineralogical transformation of sediments, a crucial step in global biogeochemical cycles. He has explained the transformation of diatomaceous sediments into chert; his account of the formation of ferromanganese nodules that blanket much of the ocean floor is by now widely accepted. His recent work has focussed on the evolution (possibly into petroleum rocks) of organic-rich sediments under anoxic conditions. Calvert has also been an extraordinarily dynamic and influential proponent of marine sciences in Canada and has brought marine geochemistry into the mainstream of Canadian oceanography.
Dr. Alastair Cameron
Affiliation: University of Arizona
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Alastair Graham Walter Cameron, Senior Research Officer, Physics Division, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, is a world leader in the field of nuclear reactions at high temperatures and densities. A graduate of the University of Manitoba, with a doctor's degree from the University of Saskatchewan in 1952, he has recently been Senior Research Fellow at the California Institute of Technology. His work has led to a better understanding of the nuclear energy processes in stars, of the abundances of different elements in stars, and of the occurrence of stellar nova explosions at high densities and temperatures. Dr. Cameron's sound knowledge of nuclear physics, his bold imagination, and incisive mind have led him to make a remarkable contribution to nuclear astrophysics.
Dr. A. Barrie Campbell
Affiliation: Agriculture and Agrifood Canada
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In addition to notable theoretical contributions relating to genetic improvement of crop plants, Dr. Campbell has been engaged (since 1949) in producing new varieties of hard spring wheat suited to the Canadian Prairies. These varieties (Pembina, Canthatch, Manitou, Neepawa, Napayo, Benito, Columbus, Katepwa, Roblin) have enabled farmers to consistently produce good crops of high quality grain. During the 1980's circa 17,000,000 acres of land were sown to Dr. Campbell's varieties; these varieties accounted for more than 80% of the total acreage sown to wheat on the prairies, and for more than 95% of the total sown in those areas where the problem of disease (wheat rust) is most serious.