Dr. Victor Ling is one of Canada's most successful molecular biologists, dedicated to cancer research. His major discovery is the common mechanism by which tumor cells are resistant to many anti-cancer drugs. The resistant cells have a surface glycoprotein that serves as pump, eliminating the toxic chemicals. Ling not only discovered the glycoprotein, he isolated molecular clones for it, and showed that it has a normal role in protecting cells against toxins that has been preserved throughout evolution.

Dr. A.E. Litherland has achieved an international reputation as a brilliant nuclear physicist. Since he came to Chalk River from the University of Liverpool in 1953 he has pursued an energetic program of research in low-energy nuclear physics. This has been aimed particularly at elucidating problems of nuclear structure, especially those of collective motion in light nuclei. Possessed of a notable scientific insight he has been quick to recognize those features of nuclear behaviour that distinguish between different theoretical explanations, and to originate and develop experimental techniques for observing them. With his energy and enthusiasm, and his willingness to communicate new ideas, he makes an ideal leader of younger scientists, and is stimulating to all those in contact with him.

Professor Locke has made important contributions to insect physiology in three broad areas: the determination of pattern in insect development, the structure and function of the insect cuticle, and the changes in structure and function of the insect fat body during metamorphosis. A superb microscopist, he is among those who set the standard by which the quality of electron micrographs is judged. His work as an animator of others is evidenced in the eight volumes which he has edited.

Frederick J. Longstaffe is one of the premier geochemists in Canada, and has pioneered the use of stable isotope geochemistry in several important areas of geology. In particular, he has combined stable isotope work and clay mineralogy to deduce the diagenetic history of interior sedimentary basins. This has been a prime factor in resolving the problems of fluid flow in these basins, and has had a major impact on both academic and industrial research in this area. His work focuses on a problem rather than on a technique, and he has been able to solve significant complex problems with an integrated but rigorous approach. Much of his current research involves the use of stable isotopes to investigate interactions in the lithosphere-hydrosphere-biosphere-atmosphere rontinuum. Problems under study include water and carbon budgets, and greenhouse-gas generation in freshwater wetlands, and isotopic indicators of paleoclimate in ancient rontinental environments.

Professor PAUL LORRAIN is a research physicist and educator with a wide range of accomplishments. Of completely bilingual training, he has conducted researches and taught at many institutions of both languages in Canada, United States, and France. His research, largely based on his special form of the Cockcroft-Walton generator, has attracted wide attention. Apart from researches, he has written educational articles and a new text-book on electromagnetic theory. His services have been recognized by many high distinctions. He is a member of the National Research Council and Director of the Department of Physics in the University of Montreal.

John Ross Mackay is an outstanding Canadian geographer who has done extensive work in the Arctic. The four main fields of geography which have engaged his interest are the Canadian Arctic, cartographic methods, physiography, and southeast Asia. During the war he was stationed at Darwin, Australia, where he was Senior Intelligence Officer. Dr. Mackay's ability in his chosen field is indicated by the fact that he is Past President of the Canadian Assocaition of Geographers and Past Vice-President of Pacific Coast Geographers, and is a Fellow of these and several other societies. He is currently Professor and Acting Chairman of the Division of Geography at the University of British Columbia. In the past 40 years following my election, I have devoted all of my time to permafrost and no longer work in cartographs and southeast Asia.

There is virtually no aspect of respiratory mechanics to which Dr. Macklem has not made a fundamental contribution. Of particular importance is his work on airways dynamics and small airways disease. Indeed, the very concept of 'disease of the small airways' stems from the logical sequence of his systematic investigations. In addition, he has pioneered the notion that the inspiratory muscles may fail in much the same manner as the myocardium. This has led to an expolsion of interest into an important but previously neglected area of respiratoy physiopathology. Dr. Macklem's work has been most influential not only in Canada but throughout the world.

This surgeon has consistently applied physiological principles and advances in basic science to the needs of surgical patients. Most notable have been the investigations in shock and in organ transplantation. In the studies on shock he established the hemodynamic characteristics of septic or endotoxin shock in experimental animals. Hemodynamic findings in a large group of patients with all forms of shcok have been reported. These have led to the recognition of the importance of basing treatment on these measurements at the bedside, in many centers throughout the world, and by the surgical teams in Viet Nam. The studies on cellular problems of septic shock have led to development of new techniques and concepts which assist greatly in patient care. His work in transplantation concerns basic principles of organ preservation, mechanisms of rejection, prediction of ideal transplant partners, and a careful system of follow-up of transplanted patients to guide further treatment and policies in this rapidly changing field. MacLean has been the guest speaker on these two general topics at many international symposia in Europe, America and South Africa. He has been heavily involved in undergraduate and graduate teaching, and in the administration of a research facility grant support of which has grown from $50,000 per annum to $500,000 per anum over the past seven years.

Bob MacLeod, originally trained as a chemist at U.B.C. worked under the direction of Prof. E. Snell at the University of Wisconsin on metal ion nutrution. He has continued his research in this area studying intensively the requirements for certain metal ions on a marine bacterium. His elegant techniques and deep insight into the role of cell walls and cellular membranes in transport mechanisms have given him international fame. He is in constant demand to present his research orally and in chapters for spcecialty textbooks. He has been able to assemble a very active group of graduate students and post-doctoral fellows that has become on of the most prolific and best known in Canada. Dr. MacLeod received the Harrison Prize from the Royal Society of Canada in 1960. He is an active member of various societies especially the Canadian Society of Microbiologists whom he has served in many capacities and the Canadian Journal of Microbiology having served as both Associate and Assistant Editor. He is Professor in the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, at McGill University.

Dr. Tak Mak has earned international recognition for his success in isolating a molecular clone for the antigen receptor on T-lymphocytes. This discovery solved an enigma that had puzzled immunologists for two decades and opened avenues to the understanding of how the immune system rejects foreign cells, including those infected with viruses or transformed into malignancy. He has exploited his findings brilliantly with a series of papers delineating the molecular biology of normal lymphocytes and their malignant counterparts. His work has been acknowledged by Canadian and International awards. He is widely recognized as a leader in the field of molecular immunology.

Kenneth Henry Mann has an international reputation as a creative thinker and inspiring leader in several fields covering quantitative energy interrelations of aquatic life forms. Beginning as a leech systematist, his search for material led to a wider appreciation of ecological relations. A major study on the River Thames earned high recognition and an invitation to come to Canada, first to the Bedford Institute of Oceanography (Fisheries Research Board). He was Chairman of Biology at Dalhousie University, 1972-80, where his personal research and leadership have continued to break new ground in problems of basic and applied marine research. He was Director of the Marine Ecology Laboratory in the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, 1980-87. In 1990 he retired with the status of Research Scientist Emeritus. He has since published a book (with J. Lazier) on biological-physical interactions in the ocean and a book on the ecology of coastal waters expected to appear in the year 2000.