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Dr. Victor Snieckus
Affiliation: Queen's University
Keywords: Organic chemistry, organic synthesis, environmental chemistry, history of chemistry
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Victor Algirdas Snieckus, Bader Chair in Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, has contributed significantly to the discovery and development of new organometalation reactions for chemical synthesis. His work on the directed 'ortho' and remote metalation reactions and transition-metal catalyzed cross coupling processes has provided fundamental concepts enabling the evolution of new strategies and tactics in aromatic and heteroaromatic synthesis. These methodologies are marked by directness and simplicity and have resulted in practical and broad range applications in synthetic aromatic chemistry.
Dr. Marla Sokolowski
Affiliation: University of Toronto
Keywords: Behaviour-genetics, neuro-genetics, evolution, molecular biology, food-search behaviour
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Marla Sokolowski is an internationally recognized pioneer in the search for genetic influences on behaviour. Starting with observations on naturally occurring differences in locomotory behaviour in the fruit fly 'Drosophila', she found that forms of a single gene are responsible for two types of food-seeking behaviour. The gene encodes an enzyme expressed in the nervous system, where locomotory behaviour is generated. Depending upon the animal's environmental situation, one gene form or the other becomes selectively retained in the population. This work is widely considered one of the best and most convincing studies of behaviour and experimental evolution ever done.
Dr. Donald Solitar
Affiliation: York University
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Professor Donald Solitar has dealt with difficult problems in the theory of infinite groups which arise in other areas of mathematics. His work has stimulated and helped the work of others. In particular, the Subgroup theorem on a free product with an amalgamated subgroup is of great importance, and subsequent papers have a deep effect upon infinite group theory.
Dr. Samuel Solomon
Affiliation: McGill University
Keywords: Peptides
Steroids
Fetal development
Adrenals
Pituitary
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Dr. Solomon is one of the world's leading steroid biochemists. Graduates from his laboratory have raised the standard of steroid research in several Canadian universities. He was first to propose the l7a-hydroxy progesterone pathway for estrogen and androgen synthesis in the ovary, and first to identify 20a-hydroxy cholesterol as an intermediate between cholesterol and pregnenolone in hormone biosynthesis. His studies of foetal-placental endocrinology have aided the development of tests for foetal viability. His research on steroid metabolism in several diseases has contributed significantly to clinical science. Dr. Solomon has served a number of academic functions at McGill University. He has accepted scientific responsiblity on international congress committees and councils, on Medical Research Council committees and as a consultant to hospitals and industry. He is currently associate editor of two journals and has been on the editorial board of Endocrinology since 1961. In the last 20 years, he has been working on the biochemistry of peptide hormones and he and his group isolated a new family of peptides which he called corticostatins because they inhibited ACTH acteon at the adrenal gland by competing for binding actes. These peptides also degranulated mast cells with the release of histamine, turned on L-type Ca++ channels had many other intesting physiologic effects. Dr. Solomon obtained the rank of Officer of the Order of Canada, the McLaughlin medal of the Royal Society of Canada and Sarrazin Prize of Quebec clinical Research Society.
Dr. Christopher Somerville
Affiliation: Stanford University
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Christopher Roland Somerville, FRS (London), Professor of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, has made exceptional contributions to genetics, molecular biology and biochemistry of plants. A Canadian who was educated (1970-7) and has taught (1981-2) at University of Alberta, his innovative applications of mutant analysis with 'Arabidopsis' have allowed the resolution problems that were once intractable. His research has shown us that photorespiration is an essential plant process. Similarly, our knowledge of photosynthesis [Rubisco mutants], of lipid biosynthesis and lipid function in membranes and of starch synthesis and utilization has been significantly enhanced by his research. Most recently he has taken the leading role in an ambitious project on the molecular mapping of the 'Arabidopsis' genome.
Sorin Sonea
Affiliation: Université de Montréal
Keywords: Bacteries: evolution unificatrice, super-bio system
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Sorin Sonéa, malgré ses charges universitaires et ses nombreuses missions et représentations auprès des milieux scientifiques nationaux et internationaux et auprès des agences et comités de recherches, est demeuré un chercheur très actif qui a déjà une centaine de publications originales à son crédit. Ses travaux sur l'appareil biochimique et génétique de la virulence microbienne, celle du staphylocoque en particulier, lui ont valu une grand notoriété et de fréquentes citations. Il dirige l'un des plus grands centres de microbiologie du Canada où plus de 45 étudiants « gradués » sont reçus chaque année. Son esprit objectif et critique est précieusement utilisé par le « Canadian Journal of Microbiology » dont il est éditeur associé.
Dr. Nahum Sonenberg
Affiliation: McGill University
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NAHUM SONENBERG, Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, is one of Canada's most respected investigators in the regulation of protein synthesis and the recognized authority on the role of cap structure in protein synthesis. His contributions to biochemistry and molecular biology include the discovery of the mRNA cap binding proteins in eukaryotes which assure that the mRNA is recognized by the ribosomal machinery; his further elucidation of the nature of the cap, its binding proteins and their role in translation; the discovery that the cap binding protein is a proto-oncogene required; and the demonstration that the unwinding of mRNA is for ribosome binding.
Dr. Theodore Sourkes
Affiliation: McGill University
Keywords: Neurochemistry, history of neurochemistry and neuropharmacology
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Dr. T.L. Sourkes has established an international reputation as an investigator in the difficult field of the biochemistry of abnormal mental states. His research group is among the leading ones in investigation of the metabolism of catecholamines and brain amines and the biochemistry of the psychotropic drugs. Dr. Sourkes has brought to light the implication of brain amines in the etiology of Parkinson's Disease. As cited in the accompanying curriculum vitae he is the author of 126 publications including 2 books as well as chapters in various treatises and reviews and numerous scientific publications. His literary aptitude has made him much sought after in an editorial and executive capacity by numerous journals and organizations. His breadth of knowledge and experience also have attracted many invitations to lecture in America and abroad.
Dr. John Spencer
Affiliation: Queen's University
Keywords: DNA, RNA, transcription, nucleic acid structure, gene expression
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John Spencer is a pillar of the Canadian biochemical community. He continues to perform outstanding research on the structure of DNA as well as chairing the Department of Biochemistry at Queen's University. He has participated in many important committees, and was President of the Canadian Federation of Biological Societies, 1981-82. He has strongly supported the movement towards a more reasonable funding of scientific research in Canada. The Ayerst Award of the Canadian Biochemical Society was presented to him in 1972. He has supervised the research of dozens of students and postdoctoral fellows, and authored more than 50 publications.
Dr. Mary Spencer
Affiliation: University of Alberta
Keywords: Roottrainers, ethylene biochemistry, environmental and agricultural effects of ethylene
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Dr. Mary Spencer is internationally known for her leading studies of the biosynthesis and metabolism of ethylene and for demonstrating its affect on basic cellular mechanisms for energy conservation and utilization. She is equally well known for her many contributions to Canadian science through service on major committees of the National Research Council. Dr. Spencer is currently serving a second term as a member of the National Research Council. She was a member of the Alberta Government Commission on Educational Planning and Canadian delegate to the 15th Assembly of the International Council of Scientific Unions. In 1968 she was awarded a Distinguished Scientist Travelling Fellowship by the National Research Council. She is a highly productive research Scientist and an excellent university teacher.
Dr. Ian Spenser
Affiliation: McMaster University
Keywords: Biosynthesis of B Vitamins
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Professor Ian Spenser has contributed immensely to the prestige of bio-organic chemistry in Canada. His detailed researches on the biosynthetic origin and mechanisms of several types of alkaloids and vitamins such as pyridoxal are masterpieces of ingenuity and are recognized internationally. He has followed up and greatly enlarged the early pioneering work of Dr. Léo Marion on alkaloid biosynthesis and has put Canada in a position of leadership in this field. He is a true scholar of highest integrity and a most dedicated and inspiring teacher.
Even though retired from teaching since 1989, he is still active in research, chiefly in the investigation of the biosynthesis of two B vitamins, pyriotecine (B6) and thiamin (B1).
He has been a visiting professor at universities in Switzerland (ETH, Zürich), Germany (Univ. of Kerbsrube, Univ. of Bonn), Denmark (Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby) and Japan (Univ. of Tokyo).
Dr. David Sprott
Affiliation: University of Waterloo
Keywords: Foundations and applications of statistical inference
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David Arthur Sprott has done major research in mathematical statistics and in applied statistics. His work on statistical inference in the areas of sufficiency and likelihood is at the forefront of international exchange in these research areas.
His work on experimental design is fundamental and is a major contribution to statistical application. He has contributed substantially to the development of mathematics and statistics in Canada - as an individual and as Dean of Mathematics at the University of Waterloo. Because of his outstanding scholarship he has substantial national and international prominence.
Dr. Donald Sprung
Affiliation: McMaster University
Keywords: Mathematical physics, semiconductor nanoscopic systems, naon-electronics, semiclassified approximations, photonics
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Professor Sprung has made major and fundamental contributions to the theory of nuclear matter, of nucleon-nucleon forces, and in the study of real nuclei. His work in 1966 and 1967 on the binding energy and density of nuclear matter is recognized as one of the first accurate calculations in this important but difficult field. He has many later papers in this field. Another pioneering work was his 1969 discovery that, contrary to then accepted ideas, nucleon potentials with very weak repulsive cores can describe experimental data as accurately as those with hard cores; this fact has been widely exploited. Since 1972 he also has studied the properties of real nuclei by Hartree-Fock and Local Density approximations and has developed a new approach suitable for non-spherical nuclei. Dr. Sprung's productivity has remained high (despite being Dean) in both quantity and quality and he has developed an active and fruitful collaboration with students, colleagues and a number of European scientists.
Colin Stearn
Affiliation: McGill University
Keywords: Paleontology, invertebrates, reefs, stromatoporoids, sponges
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Colin Stearn retired to Emeritus status after serving as Logan Professor of Geological Sciences at McGill University from 1968-1993. During this period he was chair of that department from 1969 to 1974 and again from 1980 to 1984. He is co-author of textbooks on regional geology [The Geological Evolution of North America, (3 editions)] and paleontology [Paleontology:the Record of Life]. His research in paleontology has been largely on a group of extinct Paleozoic, reef- building sponges, the stromatoporoids. He has also made major contributions to the study of the fossil faunas of Paleozoic reefs in the Devonian rocks of the Alberta Rockies, and Ellesmere and Bathurst Islands in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. His Paleozoic reef studies also included the Silurian rocks of the James Bay lowlands. In the seventies he studied the growth and destruction of modern reefs on the west coast of Barbados.
Dr. Taylor Steeves
Affiliation: University of Saskatchewan
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Dr. Steeves has, at an early age, established an international reputation in his researchfield of developmental morphology of vascular plants. he has 55 papers and 3 book chapters in separate books to his credit, and is the co-author of 2 books. He has presented 9 invitation papers at various congresses and symposia. These invitation papers indicate the widespread esteem in which his work is held. His work falls into the category of morphogenesis from the experimental approach. He has made original contributions on leaf development, the structural configuration of the shoot apex and the differention of tissue. The application of tissue culture methods to morphogenetic problems has been stressed. He is a most energetic and enthusiastic researcher and a stimulating leader of graduate students. His interest in the general advancement of botany is exemplified by his appointment as Editor of the Botanical Gazette.
Charles Stelck
Affiliation: University of Alberta
Keywords: Cretaceous, foraminifera, mollusca, stratigraphy, micropalaeontology
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Charles Richard Stelck, Professor of Geology at the University of Alberta, has made outstanding scientific contributions in palaeontology, stratigraphy, palaeogeography, and petroleum geology. His world is the North America of late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic times and his researches into what it was like in those times have ranged from detailed descriptions of micro-organisms of the day to the distribution of the ancient lands and seas. He is a recognized authority on the fauna and flora of Cretaceous rocks and his publications on the palaeogeography of western Canada are classics in their field. In practical terms his work has greatly assisted in the development of petroleum resources in northern British Columbia and the Fort St. John gas field. His students in the University of Alberta have contributed widely and successfully in the petroleum industry and in research institutions.
Mr. Mircea Steriade
Affiliation: Université Laval
Keywords: Cortex cérébral
Thalamus
Sommeil
Electrophysiologie
Oscillations
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What is the basis of rhythmic electrical activity of the brain, and how is it related to sleep and wakefulness? This crucial problem has been brought to a new level of analysis and understanding, largely thanks to the perseverance of Mircea Steriade. An outstandingly imaginative and enterprising electrophysiologist, he has used a wide range of techniques to elucidate the cellular and synaptic mechanisms of thalamo-cortical rhythms and their behavioural connotations. A notably prolific author (310 articles and 7 monographs), he has achieved a world-wide reputation, and is one of Canada's most eminent brain scientists (1924, Professor, Department of Physiology, Université Laval).
Alec Stewart
Affiliation: Queen's University
Keywords: Physics, condensed matter physics - electrons and photons, positrons, positronium
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Dr. Stewart is best known for his work on the angular correlation between the gamma rays resulting from the annihilation of slow positrons with electrons in matter. A pioneer in applying this technique to the momentum distribution of electrons in metals, he has continued this study with increasing precision for many years and is now an acknowledged world authority on electrons in solids and liquids. Dr. Stewart has also done important work in the field of neutron inelastic scattering by crystals, and has made some of the standard measurements of the neutron cross-sections of ortho- and para-hydrogen, measurements of prime importance in the theory of nuclear forces. More recently, he has studied zero-point bubbles in solid and liquid helium.
Dr. Cameron Stewart
Affiliation: University of Waterloo
Keywords: Diophantine equations, diophantine approximation, sieve theory
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Cameron Stewart's imaginative work in analytic number theory has produced many original and striking results. His early work on applications of transcendence theory to divisors of arithmetical sequences initiated a new field of study. His results in that area have never been surpassed. His introduction of transcendence theory into the study of heights of algebraic numbers led to the subsequent important generalization of these results to elliptic curves and abelian varieties. His recent work has combined methods from analytic and combinatorial number theory to solve a number of well known difficult problems.
Dr. Jane Stewart
Affiliation: Concordia University
Keywords: brain and behavior, motivation, learning, conditioning
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Jane Stewart, Professor, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, has made important contributions to knowledge of the neural and hormonal control of appetitive motivation. Her studies of the role of Pavlovian conditioning and the stimulus properties of drugs have led to important advances in addiction theory. She has provided critical insights into the progressive sensitization caused by repeated experience, stress and various drug treatments. She has also significantly advanced our understanding of the effects of perinatal gonadal hormones on the development of brain areas not normally associated with sexual behaviors and the influences that such effects may have on play behaviour, exploration and responses to stimulant drugs.
Dr. Robert Stewart
Affiliation: University of Victoria
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Robert William Stewart began his investigations of turbulence theories with fundamental experiments in wind tunnels, subsequently testing and developing his theories in applications to practical turbulence problems of the atmosphere and oceans. He has given leadership in Canada in the replacement of older empirical methods by the more physically realistic concepts of random turbulent motion and in the recognition of the significance of non-linear interactions in waves.
Dr. Ross Stewart
Affiliation: The University of British Columbia
Keywords: Catalysis, acidity, basicity, organic, mechanism
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Professor Stewart ranks as one of Canada's leading physical-organic chemists. His work on oxidation of organic compounds has contributed in a major way to our understanding of the mechanisms associated with this important reaction and has culminated in an important book under his authorship. His beautifully-executed measurements on the protonation of weak bases in strongly acid solution have provided a great deal of reliable acidity function data and have extended our understanding of the concept of acidity. In this same general area, he has also made important pioneering studies which show how the very useful acidity-function scale may be extended to strongly basic media.
Dr. Boris Stoicheff
Affiliation: University of Toronto
Keywords: Light, laser, atomic and molecular spectroscopy
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Boris Peter Stoicheff, B.A.Sc., M.A., Ph.D., Professor of Physics at the University of Toronto, has an international reputation in the fields of Raman spectroscopy and laser physics. He has contributed greatly to the experimental techniques of high-resolution Raman spectroscopy of gases and has applied these to many structural studies of molecules. His work is characterized by a high regard for detail and accuracy, so that his measurements are accepted standards for much related work on molecular structure. Recently he has used ruby and helium-neon lasers in a variety of spectroscopic investigations, which have helped to elucidate stimulated Raman scattering and two-photon absorption, and have led to the discovery of induced absorption at optical frequencies and stimulated Brillouin scattering.
Dr. Kenneth Storey
Affiliation: Carleton University
Keywords: Metabolic regulation, biochemical adaptation, cryobiology, enzymology, molecular biology
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Dr. K.B. Storey is a metabolic biochemist with major interests in (i) metabolic regulation mechanisms and theory, (ii) molecular mechanisms allowing reversible freezing in insects and lower vertebrates (frogs and turtles), and (iii) molecular mechanisms in metabolic suppression as an adaptational strategy for surviving harsh environmental periods. Perhaps his most innovative contributions to date are in the area of mechanisms of natural freeze tolerance, in particular the role of metabolic adaptations underlying freezing protection and the maintenance of cell homeostasis for long term survival in the frozen state.